Mycoplasma neurolyticum

(Sabin, 1941; Freundt, 1955)

Etymology

Gr. n. mukes – fungus, Gr. neut. n. plasma – anything formed, N.L. neut. n. Mycoplasma – fungus form; Gr. n. neuron – nerve, N.L. adj. -lyticum – able to dissolve, N.L. neut. adj. neurolyticum – nerve-distroying

Taxonomy

Mycoplasmatales – Mycoplasmataceae – Mycoplasma – Mycoplasma neurolyticum (Hyopneumoniae cluster), closely related to Mycoplasma collis (16S rRNA gene sequence similarity – 97.00%) (Fig. 1)

Type strain

Sabin Type A^T (mouse, USA, ≤1938), (Fig. 2, 16S rRNA gene sequence)

Genomes

one completed (Sabin Type A^T – USA) (NCBI Genome deposit per 11/05/2024)

Cell morphology

spherical – coccoid

Colony morphology

fried egg morphology (Fig. 3)

Metabolism

fermentation of glucose; non-arginine-hydrolyzing, non-urea-hydrolyzing

Host

mice and rats

Habitat

eye, ear, nasopharynx

Disease(s)

no disease reported in naturally infected laboratory mice and rats, experimental infection induced ‘rolling disease’ in mice and young rats presenting severe cerebral edema

Pathogenicity

factors largely unknown, has shown to exhibit strong neuramidase/sialidase activity

Epidemiology

unknown, only occasionally isolated from laboratory mice and rats, may be more common in conventional rat and mouse colonies

Diagnosis

cultivation and species identification by MALDI-ToF MS, serology or genetically

Fig. 1. Maximum likelihood tree showing the phylogenetic position of Mycoplasma neurolyticum Sabin Type A^T within the Hyopneumoniae cluster of Mycoplasmataceae based on 16S rRNA gene sequences. The sequence of Mycoplasma synoviae WVU 1853^T was used as out-group (Synoviae cluster). Numbers at nodes represent bootstrap confidence values (1000 replications). Only values > 80% are shown. Bar, number of substitutions per nucleotide position. Credits: Joachim Spergser (Vetmeduni Vienna)

>Mycoplasma neurolyticum Sabin Type A^T

CTGGCTGTGTGCCTAATACATGCATGTTGAACGAAGCAGTATTTATATTGCTTAGTAGCGAATGGGTGAGTAACACGTACCTAACCTACCTTTAAGATTGGGATAACTACTGGAAACAGTTGCTAATACCAAATAACAAATTTTTTCGCATGAAAAAATTTTAAAAGAAGCATAAGAGGTAACTCCGCTTCACTTAAAAATGGGGGTGCGGAACATTAGCTAGTTGGTAGAGTAATGGCCTACCAAGGCGATGATGTTTAGCCGGGCCGAGAGGCTGTACGGCCACACTGGGACTGAGATACGGCCCAGACTCCTACGGGAGGCAGCAGTAGGGAATTTTCCACAATGAGCGAAAGCTTGATGGAGCGACACAGCGTGCAGGATGAAGGCCTTCGGGTTGTAAACTGCTGTGGTAAGGAAAGAAAAAATAGGGTAGGAAATGACCCTTAATTGACGGTACCTTATTAGAAAGCGATGGCTAACTATGTGCCAGCAGCCGCGGTAATACATAGGTCGCAAGCGTTATCCGGAATTATTGGGCGTAAAGAGTTCGTAGGTGGTTTGTTAAGTCTGAAGTTAAATCCAAAAGCTCAACTTTTGCCCGCTTTAGATACTAGCAAACTGGAATTGCAAAGAGGTTAGCGGAATTCCTAGTGAAGCGGTGGAATGCGTAGATATTAGGAAGAACACCAATAGGCGAAGGCAGCTAACTGGTTGTATATTGACACTGAGGAACGAAAGCGTGGGGAGCAAACAGGATTAGATACCCTGGTAGTCCACGCCGTAAACGATGATCATTAGTTGGTAGAAAAATTTACCGATGCAGCTAACGCATTAAATGATCCGCCTGAGTAGTATACTCGCAAGAGTGAAACTTAAAGGAATTGACGGGGACCCGCACAAGCGGAGGAGCATGTGGTTTAATTTGAAGATACGCGTAGAACCTTACCCACTCTTGACATCCCTTGCAAAGTTATAGAGATATAATGGAGGCTAACAAGGTGACAGATGGTGCATGGTTGTCGTCAGCTCGTGTCGTGAGATGTTAGGTTAAGTCCTGCAACGAGCGCAACCCTTGTCTTTAGTTACTAACATTAAGTTGAGAACTCTAGAGAGACTGCCAACGAAAGTTGGAGGAAGGTGGGGACGACGTCAAATCATCATGCCTCTTACGAGTGGGGCAACACACGTGCTACAATGGTTGGTACAAAGAGATGCGACATAGTGATATCAAGCAAATCTCAAAAAACCAATCTCAGTTCGGATTGAAGTCTGCAACTCGACTTCATGAAGTCGGATTCGCTAGTAATCGCAGATCAGCTATGCTGCGGTGAATACGTTCTCGGGTCTTGTACACACCGCCCGTCACACCATGGGAGTTGGTAATACCCGAAGATGGTTAGTTAACCTCGGAGGCAACTATCTAAGGTAGGACTGATGACTGGGGTGAAGTCGTAACAAGGT

Fig. 2. 16S rRNA gene sequence of Mycoplasma neurolyticum Sabin Type A^T(Accession number: NR_113672)

Fig. 3. Colonies of Mycoplasma neurolyticum Sabin Type A^T on modified Hayflick’s agar after 4 days of incubation exhibiting large centered fried egg morphology. Bar, 1 mm. Credits: Joachim Spergser (Vetmeduni Vienna)

Species assigned by: Sabin, A.B. 1941. The filtrable microorganisms of the pleuropneumonia group. Bact. Rev. 5: 1-67; Freundt, E.A. 1955. The classification of the pleuropneumonia group of organisms (Borrelomycetales). International Bulletin of Bacteriological Nomenclature and Taxonomy 5: 67-78.