Mycoplasma miroungirhinis
(Volokhov et al., 2022)
Etymology
Gr. n. mukes – fungus, Gr. neut. n. plasma – anything formed, N.L. neut. n. Mycoplasma – fungus form; N.L. fem. n. Mirounga – generic name of the northern elephant seal, Gr. fem. n. rhis (gen. rhinos) – nose; N.L. gen. n. miroungirhinis – of northern elephant seal nose
Taxonomy
Mycoplasmatales – Mycoplasmataceae – Mycoplasma – Mycoplasma miroungirhinis (Hominis cluster), closely related to 'Mycoplasma zalophi' (16S rRNA gene sequence similarity – 98.33%) (Fig. 1)
Type strain
ES2806-NAST (northern elephant seal - Mirounga angustirostris, USA, 2009), (Fig. 2, 16S rRNA gene sequence)
Genomes
one completed (ES2806-NAST – USA) (NCBI Genome deposit per 11/05/2024)
Cell morphology
spherical – coccoid
Colony morphology
fried egg morphology (Fig. 3)
Metabolism
hydrolysis of arginine; non-fermentative, non-urea-hydrolyzing
Host
northern elephant seal (Mirounga angustirostris)
Habitat
nasopharynx
Disease(s)
no diseases reported
Pathogenicity
pathogenicity factors unknown
Epidemiology
isolated once from the nasopharynx of a northern elephant seal at the Marine Mammal Center in Sausalito, California, USA
Diagnosis
cultivation and species identification by MALDI-ToF MS, PCR; rpoB gene sequencing
Fig. 1. Maximum likelihood tree showing the phylogenetic position of Mycoplasma miroungirhinis ES2806-NAST within the Hominis cluster of Mycoplasmataceae based on 16S rRNA gene sequences. The sequence of Mycoplasma synoviae WVU 1853T was used as out-group (Synoviae cluster). Numbers at nodes represent bootstrap confidence values (1000 replications). Only values > 80% are shown. Bar, number of substitutions per nucleotide position. Credits: Joachim Spergser (Vetmeduni Vienna)
ATATATAAGAGTTTGATCCTGGCTCAGGATGAACGCTGGCTGTGTGCCTAATACATGCATGTCGAACGAGTAGCTTGCTACTAGTGGCGAATGGGTGAGTAACACGTGCTTAATCTACCTTTTAGATTGGGATAACAAACGGAAACATTTGCTAATACCGGATATGTATTAAGATCGCATGATTTTAATATGAAAGGAGCCTTAAAGCTTCACTAAAAGATGAGGGCGCGGAACATTAGTTAGTTGGTAGGGTAATGGCCTACCAAGACTATGATGTTTAGCCGGGTTGAGAAACTGAACGGCCACACTGGGACTGAGATACGGCCCAGACTCCTACGGGAGGCAGCAGTAGGGAATATTCCACAATGGGCGAAAGCCTGATGGAGCGACACAGCGTGCATGATGAAGGCCTTCGGGTTGTAAAGTGCTGTTATTAGGGAAGAACACTAAAAATAGGAAATGATTTTTAGCTGACGGTACCTAATCAGAAAGCGATGGCTAACTATGTGCCAGCAGCCGCGGTAATACATAGGTCGCAAGCGTTATCCGGAATTATTGGGCGTAAAGCGTTCGTAGGTTGTTTGTTAAGTCTGGTGTCAAAGCCCGGGGCTCAACCCCGGTATGCATTAGATACTGACAAACTAGAATTAGATAGAGGTAAGCGGAATTCCATGTGAAGCGGTGAAATGCGTAGATATATGGAAGAACACCAAAGGCGAAGGCAGCTTACTGGGTCTATATTGACACTGAGGGACGAAAGCGTGGGGAGCAAACAGGATTAGATACCCTGGTAGTCCACGCTGTAAACGATGATCATTAGTCGGTGGAGAATTCACTGACGCAGCTAACGCATTAAATGATCCGCCTGAGTAGTATGCTCGCAAGAGTGAAACTTAAAGGAATTGACGGGGACTCGCACAAGCGGTGGAGCATGTGGTTTAATTTGAAGATACGCGGAGAACCTTACCCACTCTTGACATCTTTCGCAAAGCTATAGAGATATAGTGGAGGTTAACGGAATGACAGATGGTGCATGGTTGTCGTCAGCTCGTGTCGTGAGATGTTAGGTTAAGTCCTATAACGAGCGCAACCCCTATTTTTAGTTACTAACGGATAATGCTGAGGACTCTAGAAATACTGCCTGGGTAACCAGGAGGAAGGTGGGGATGACGTCAAATCATCATGCCTCTTACGAGTGGGGCTACACACGTGCTACAATGGTCGGTACAAAGAGATGCAATACGGTGACGTGGAGCAAATCTCAAAAAGCCGATCTCAGTTCGGATTGAAGTCTGCAACTCGACTTCATGAAGTCGGAATCGCTAGTAATCGCAAATCAGCAACGTTGCGGTGAATACGTTCTCGAGTCTTGTACACACCGCCCGTCACACCATGGGAGCTGGTAATGCCCGAAGCCGGTTTGTTAACTTCGGAGACGACTGTCTAAGGTAGGACCGGTGACTGGGGTGAAGTCGTAACAAGGTATCCCTACGAGAACGTGGGGATGGATCACCTCCTTT
Fig. 2. 16S rRNA gene sequence of Mycoplasma miroungirhinis ES2806-NAST (Accession number: OK110563)
Fig. 3. Colonies of Mycoplasma miroungirhinis ES2806-NAST on modified Hayflick’s agar after 4 days of incubation exhibiting characteristic fried egg morphology. Bar, 1 mm. Credits: Joachim Spergser (Vetmeduni Vienna)
Species assigned by: Volokhov, D.V., Furtak, V.A., Blom, J., Zagorodnyaya, T.A., Gao, Y., Gulland, F.M. 2022. Mycoplasma miroungirhinis sp. nov. and Mycoplasma miroungigenitalium sp. nov., isolated from northern elephant seals (Mirounga angustirostris), Mycoplasma phocoenae sp. nov., isolated from harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena), and Mycoplasma phocoeninasale sp. nov., isolated from harbour porpoise and California sea lions (Zalophus californianus). Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 72: 005224.