Mycoplasma maculosum

(Edward, 1955)

Etymology

Gr. n. mukes – fungus, Gr. neut. n. plasma – anything formed, N.L. neut. n. Mycoplasma – fungus form; L. neut. adj. maculosum – spotted (referring to spots appearing around colonies on solid medium)

Taxonomy

Mycoplasmatales – Mycoplasmataceae – Mycoplasma – Mycoplasma maculosum (Bovis cluster), closely related to Mycoplasma leopharyngis (16S rRNA gene sequence similarity – 99.51%) (Fig. 1)

Type strain

PG15^T (dog, UK, 1951), (Fig. 2, 16S rRNA gene sequence)

Genomes

one completed (PG15^T – UK) (NCBI Genome deposit per 11/05/2024)

Cell morphology

spherical – coccoid

Colony morphology

fried egg morphology (Fig. 3)

Metabolism

hydrolysis of arginine; non-fermentative, non-urea-hydrolyzing

Host

primarily domestic dogs, has also been isolated from chicken

Habitat

naso- and oropharynx, genital tract

Disease(s)

no disease reported, considered to be a commensal

Pathogenicity

factors unknown

Epidemiology

worldwide occurrence in domestic dogs

Diagnosis

cultivation and species identification by MALDI-ToF MS, serology or genetically

Fig. 1. Maximum likelihood tree showing the phylogenetic positions of Mycoplasma maculosum PG15^T within the Bovis cluster of Mycoplasmataceae based on 16S rRNA gene sequences. The sequence of Mycoplasma synoviae WVU 1853^T was used as out-group (Synoviae cluster). Numbers at nodes represent bootstrap confidence values (1000 replications). Only values > 80% are shown. Bar, number of substitutions per nucleotide position. Credits: Joachim Spergser (Vetmeduni Vienna)

>Mycoplasma maculosum PG15^T

CTGGCTGTGTGCCTAATACATGCATGTCGAGCGAAGGTAGCAATACCTTAGCGGCGAATGGGTGAGTAACACGTACTCAACGTACCTTTTAGATTGGGATAGCTAACGGAAACGTTGGATAATACCAAATACTTATTAGTTTCGCATGAAACTAATATAAAAGGAGCCTTTAAAGCTCCGCTGAAAGATCGGGGTGCGCAACATTAGCTAGTTGGTGAGGTAACGGCCCACCAAGGCGATGATGTTTAGCGGGGTTGAGAGACTGAACCGCCACACTGGGACTGAGATACGGCCCAGACTCCTACGGGAGGCAGCAGTAGGGAATATTCCACAATGAGCGAAAGCTTGATGGAGCGACACAGCGTGCAGGATGAAGGTCCTATGGATTGTAAACTGCTGTGGTAAGGGAAGAAAAAGTAACTTAGGAAATGAAGTTACCTTGACGGTACCTTATTAGAAAGCAACGGCTAACTATGTGCCAGCAGCCGCGGTAATACATAGGTTGCAAGCGTTATCCGAAATTATTGGGCGTAAAGCGTCTGTAGGTTGTTTGTTAAGTCTGGCGTCAAATTTTGGGGCTCAACCCCAAACCGCGTTGGATACTGGCAGACTAGAGTTATGTAGAGGTTAGCGGAATTCCTTGTGAAGCGGTGAAATGCGTAGATATAAGGAAGAACACCATTATGGCGAAGGCGGCTAACTGGGCATACACTGACACTGAGAGACGAAAGCGTGGGGAGCAAACAGGATTAGATACCCTGGTAGTCCACGCCCTAAACGATGATCATTAGCTGATGGAGAATTCGTCGGCGCAGCTAACGCATTAAATGATCCGCCTGAGTAGTACGTTCGCAAGAATAAAACTTAAAGGAATTGACGGGGATCCGCACAAGCGGTGGAGCATGTGGTTTAATTTGAAGATACGCGTAGAACCTTACCCACTCTTGACATCTTCTGCAAAGCTATAGAGATATAGTGGAGGTTAACAGAATGACAGATGGTGCATGGTTGTCGTCAGCTCGTGTCGTGAGATGTTCGGTTAAGTCCTGCAACGAGCGCAACCCTTATCCTTAGTTACTACCATTAAGTTGAGGACTCTAAGGAGACTGCCGGAGTAATCCGGAGGAAGGTGGGGACGACGTCAAATCATCATGCCTCTTACGAGTGGGGCTACACACGTGCTACAATGGACAGTACAAAGAGAAGCAAAATGGTGACATCAAGCAAACCTCAAAAAACTGTTCTCAGTTCGGATTGAAGTCTGCAACTCGACTTCATGAAGTTGGAATCGCTAGTAATCGTAGATCAGCTACGCTACGGTGAATACGTTCTCGGGTCTTGTACACACCGCCCGTCAAACCATGGGAGCTGGTAATGCCCGAAGTCGGTTTATAAAGAAACTGCCTAAGGCAGGACTGGTGACTGGGGTTAAGTCGTAACAAGGT

Fig. 2. 16S rRNA gene sequence of Mycoplasma maculosum PG15^T(Accession number: NR_025066)

Fig. 3. Colonies of Mycoplasma maculosum PG15^T on modified Hayflick’s agar after 4 days of incubation exhibiting fried egg morphology. Note, colour change of solid medium from ochre to reddish based on release of ammonia resulting from hydrolysis of arginine creating an alkaline pH. Bar, 1 mm. Credits: Joachim Spergser (Vetmeduni Vienna)

Species assigned by: Edward, D.G. 1955. A suggested classification and nomenclature for organisms of the pleuropneumonia group. International Bulletin of Bacteriological Nomenclature and Taxonomy 5: 85-93.