Mycoplasma glycophilum

(Forrest & Bradbury, 1984)

Etymology

Gr. n. mukes – fungus, Gr. neut. n. plasma – anything formed, N.L. neut. n. Mycoplasma – fungus form; Gr. adj. glukus – sweet, N.L. neut. adj. philum – loving, N.L. neut. adj. glycophilum – sweet (glucose)-loving

Taxonomy

Mycoplasmatales – Mycoplasmataceae – Mycoplasma – Mycoplasma glycophilum (Synoviae cluster), closely related to Mycoplasma gallopavonis (16S rRNA gene sequence similarity – 97.22%) (Fig. 1)

Type strain

486^T (chicken, UK, 1975), (Fig. 2, 16S rRNA gene sequence)

Genomes

one completed (486^T – UK); one draft genome (again type strain) (NCBI Genome deposit per 11/05/2024)

Cell morphology

spherical – coccoid

Colony morphology

fried egg morphology (Fig. 3)

Metabolism

fermentation of glucose; non-arginine-hydrolyzing, non-urea- hydrolyzing

Host

chicken, pheasants, partridges, rarely turkeys

Habitat

upper respiratory tract, cloaca

Disease(s)

unknown, once associated with chicken embryo mortality and depressed hatchability

Pathogenicity

factors unknown

Epidemiology

unknown

Diagnosis

cultivation and species identification by MALDI-ToF MS, serology or genetically

Fig. 1. Maximum likelihood tree showing the phylogenetic position of Mycoplasma glycophilum 486^T within the Synoviae cluster of Mycoplasmataceae based on 16S rRNA gene sequences. The sequence of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae J^T was used as out-group (Hyopneumoniae cluster). Numbers at nodes represent bootstrap confidence values (1000 replications). Only values > 80% are shown. Bar, number of substitutions per nucleotide position. Credits: Joachim Spergser (Vetmeduni Vienna)

>Mycoplasma glycophilum 486^T

CTGGCTGTGTGCCTAATACATGCATGTCGAGCGGAGTTCTTCGGAACTTAGCGGCGAATGGGTGAGTAACACGTACTTAACGTGCCTTCTAGATTGGAATAACGCTGAGAAATTAGCGCTAATGCCGGATACTTATATGGTTCGCATGAACTATATATAAAAGGAGCTTTAAAGCTTCACTAGAAGATCGGGGTGCGTAACATTAGCTAGTTGGTAAGGTAATGGCTTACCAAGGCGATGATGTTTAGCGGGGTTGAGAGACTGATCCGCCACACTGGGACTGAGATACGGCCCAGACTCCTACGGGAGGCAGCAGTAGGGAATTTTCCACAATGGGCGAAAGCCTGATGGAGCGACACAGCGTGCAGGATGAAGGCCTTCGGGTTGTAAACTGCTGTTATAAGGGAAGAAAAAATCGTGGAGGAAATGCCATGATCTTGACGGTACCTTGTCAGAAAGCAACGGCTAACTATGTGCCAGCAGCCGCGGTAATACATAGGTTGCAAGCGTTATCCGGAATTATTGGGCGTAAAGCGTCTGTAGGTTGTGTGTTAAGTCTGACGTCAAAACTTGGGGCTCAACCCCAAATCGCGTTGGATACTGGCATACTAGAATTGTGTAGAGGTTAGCGGAATTCCTAGTGAAGCGGTGAAATGCGTAGATATTAGGAAGAACACCAACATGGCGAAGGCAGCTAACTGGGCACATATTGACACTGAGAGACGAAAGCGTGGGGAGCAAACAGGATTAGATACCCTGGTAGTCCACGCCGTAAACGATGATGATTAGCTGATGGGAACCATCGGCGCAGCTAACGCATTAAATCATCCGCCTGAGTAGTATGCACGCAAGTGTGAAACTTAAAGGAATTGACGGGGATCCGCACAAGCGGTGGAGCATGTGGTTTAATTTGAAGATACGCGTAGAACCTTACCCACTCTTGACATCTTCCGCAAAGCTATAGAGATATAGTGGAGGTTAACGGAATGACAGATGGTGCATGGTTGTCGTCAGCTCGTGTCGTGAGATGTTCGGTTAAGTCCTGCAACGAGCGCAACCCTTGTCCTTAGTTAGATGATCTAAGGAGACTGCCCGAGTAATTGGGAGGAAGGTGGGGACGACGTCAAATCATCATGCCTCTTACGAGTGGGGCAACACACGTGCTACAATGGACGGTACAAAGAGAAGCAAGACGGCGACGTGGAGCAAATCTCAAAAAACCGTTCTCAGTTCGGATTGTAGTCTGCAACTCGACTACATGAAGTCGGAATCGCTAGTAATCGTAGATCAGCTACGCTACGGTGAATACGTTCTCGGGTCTTGTACACACCGCCCGTCAAACCATGGGAGCTGGTAATGCCCGAAGTCGGTTTTGTTAACTACGGAAACAACCGCCTAAGGCAGGACTGGTGACTGGGGTTAAGTCGTAACAAGGT

Fig. 2. 16S rRNA gene sequence of Mycoplasma glycophilum 486^T(Accession number: NR_025184)

Fig. 3. Colonies of Mycoplasma glycophilum 486^T on modified Hayflick’s agar after 4 days of incubation exhibiting fried egg morphology. Bar, 1 mm. Credits: Joachim Spergser (Vetmeduni Vienna)