Mycoplasma gallopavonis

(Jordan et al., 1982)

Etymology

Gr. n. mukes – fungus, Gr. neut. n. plasma – anything formed, N.L. neut. n. Mycoplasma – fungus form; N.L. n. gallopavo – a turkey, N.L. gen. n. gallopavonis – of a turkey

Taxonomy

Mycoplasmatales – Mycoplasmataceae – Mycoplasma – Mycoplasma gallopavonis (Synoviae cluster), closely related to Mycoplasma glycophilum (16S rRNA gene sequence similarity – 97.22%) (Fig. 1)

Type strain

WR1^T (turkey, UK, ≤1963), (Fig. 2, 16S rRNA gene sequence)

Genomes

one completed (WR1^T – UK), one draft genome (again type strain) (NCBI Genome deposit per 11/05/2024)

Cell morphology

spherical – coccoid

Colony morphology

fried egg morphology (Fig. 3)

Metabolism

fermentation of glucose; non-arginine-hydrolyzing, non-urea-hydrolyzing

Host

(wild) turkeys

Habitat

upper respiratory tract

Disease(s)

unknown, considered to be a commensal

Pathogenicity

factors unknown

Epidemiology

unknown

Diagnosis

cultivation and species identification by MALDI-ToF MS, serology or genetically

Fig. 1. Maximum likelihood tree showing the phylogenetic position of Mycoplasma gallopavonis WR1^T within the Synoviae cluster of Mycoplasmataceae based on 16S rRNA gene sequences. The sequence of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae J^T was used as out-group (Hyopneumoniae cluster). Numbers at nodes represent bootstrap confidence values (1000 replications). Only values > 80% are shown. Bar, number of substitutions per nucleotide position. Credits: Joachim Spergser (Vetmeduni Vienna)

>Mycoplasma gallopavonis WR1^T

CTGGCTGTGTGCCTAATACATGCATGTCGAGCGGAGTTCTTCGGAACTTAGCGGCGAATGGGTGAGTAACACGTACTTAACGTGCCCACTAGATTGGAATAACGCTGAGAAATTAGCGCTAATGCCGGATACTTATTAATTTCGCATGAAGTTAATATAAAAGGAGCAATTGCTTCACTAGTGGATCGGGGTGCGTAACATTAGCTAGTTGGTAAGGTAATGGCTTACCAAGGCGATGATGTTTAGCGGGGTTGAGAGACTGATCCGCCACACTGGGACTGAGATACGGCCCAGACTCCTACGGGAGGCAGCAGTAGGGAATTTTCCACAATGGACGAAAGTCTGATGGAGCGACACAGCGTGCAGGATGAAGGCCTTCGGGTTGTAAACTGCTGTTATAAGGGAAGAAAAAACAAAGGAGTGGAAAGCCTTTGTCTTGACGGTACCTTGTCAGAAAGCAACGGCTAACTATGTGCCAGCAGCCGCGGTAATACATAGGTTGCAAGCGTTATCCGGAATTATTGGGCGTAAAGCGTCTGTAGGTTGTGTGTTAAGTCTGACGTCAAAACTTGGGGCTCAACCCCAAATCGCGTTGGATACTGGCACGCTAGAATTGTGTAGAGGTTAGCGGAATTCCTAGTGAAGCGGTGAAATGCGTAGATATTAGGAAGAACATCAACATGGCGAAGGCAGCTAACTGGGCACATATTGACACTGAGAGACGAAAGCGTGGGGAGCAAACAGGATTAGATACCCTGGTAGTCCACGCCGTAAACGATGATGATTAGCTGATGGGGACCATCGGCGCAGCTAACGCATTAAATCATCCGCCTGAGTAGTATGCACGCAAGTGTGAAACTTAAAGGAATTGACGGGGATCCGCACAAGCGGTGGAGCATGTGGTTTAATTTGAAGATACGCGTAGAACCTTACCCACTCTTGACATCTTCCGCAAAGCTATAGAGATATAGTCGAGGTTAACGGAATGACAGATGGTGCATGGTTGTCGTCAGCTCGTGTCGTGAGATGTTCGGTTAAGTCCTGCAACGAGCGCAACCCTTGTCCTTAGTTAGATGATCTAAGGAGACTGCCCGAGTAATTGGGAGGAAGGTGGGGACGACGTCAAATCATCATGCCTCTTACGAGTGGGGCCACACACGTGCTACAATGGACGGTACAAAGAGAAGCAAAACGGCGACGTCAAGCAAATCTCAAAAAACCGTTCTCAGTTCGGATTGTAGTCTGCAACTCGACTACATGAAGTCGGAATCGCTAGTAATCGTAGATCAGCTACGCTACGGTGAATACGTTCTCGGGTCTTGTACACACCGCCCGTCACACCATGGGAGCTGGTAATGCCCGAAGTCGGTTTTGTTAACTACGGAAACAACCGCCTAAGGCAGGACTGGTGACTGGGGTGAAGTCGTAACAAGGT

Fig. 2. 16S rRNA gene sequence of Mycoplasma gallopavonis WR1^T(Accession number: NR_025183)

Fig. 3. Colonies of Mycoplasma gallopavonis WR1^T on modified Hayflick’s agar after 4 days of incubation exhibiting fried egg morphology. Bar, 1 mm. Credits: Joachim Spergser (Vetmeduni Vienna)

Species assigned by: Jordan, F.T.W., Ernø, H., Cottew, G.S., Hinz, K.H., Stipkovits, L. 1982. Characterization and taxonomic description of five mycoplasma serovars (serotypes) of avian origin and their elevation to species rank and further evaluation of the taxonomic status of Mycoplasma synoviae. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 32: 108-115.