Mycoplasma feriruminatoris
(Jores et al., 2015)
Etymology
Gr. n. mukes – fungus, Gr. neut. n. plasma – anything formed, N.L. neut. n. Mycoplasma – fungus form; L. adj. ferus – wild, L. n. ruminator – a ruminant, N.L. gen. n. feriruminatoris – of a wild ruminant
Taxonomy
Mycoplasmatales – Mycoplasmataceae – Mycoplasma – Mycoplasma feriruminatoris (Mycoides cluster), closely related to Mycoplasma mycoides, Mycoplasma capricolum and Mycoplasma leachii (16S rRNA gene sequence similarities – 99.24, 99.24 and 99.17%, respectively) (Fig. 1)
Type strain
G5847T (Alpine ibex, Germany, 1993), (Fig. 2, 16S rRNA gene sequence)
Genomes
9 completed genomes (G5847T – Germany; L14822, L15220, L13461, L15181, L15407, L15568, F11561, L14815 – all France) (NCBI Genome deposit per 11/05/2024)
Cell morphology
spherical – coccoid
Colony morphology
rapidly growing, colonies with fried egg morphology (Fig. 3)
Metabolism
fermentation of glucose; assimilation of glycerol; non-arginine-hydrolyzing, non-urea-hydrolyzing
Host
wild caprine species including Alpine ibex, wild goats
Habitat
unclear, probably respiratory tract, eye and external ear canal
Disease(s)
possibly conjunctivitis and pneumonia
Pathogenicity
pathogenicity factors largely unknown, but may possess factors that have been identified in other members of the Mycoides cluster, produces capsular polysaccharides
Epidemiology
isolated from zoo-kept ibex in Germany, wild ibex in France and Italy, and a Rocky Mountain goat in the USA
Diagnosis
cultivation and species identification by MALDI-ToF MS, serology or genetically; PCR
Fig. 1. Maximum likelihood tree showing the phylogenetic position of Mycoplasma feriruminatoris G5847T within the Mycoides cluster of Mycoplasmataceae based on 16S rRNA gene sequences. The sequence of Mycoplasma synoviae WVU 1853T was used as out-group (Synoviae cluster). Numbers at nodes represent bootstrap confidence values (1000 replications). Only values > 80% are shown. Bar, number of substitutions per nucleotide position. Credits: Joachim Spergser (Vetmeduni Vienna)
CTGGCGGCATGCCTAATACATGCAAGTCGAACGGAAGTGCTTGCACTTCAGTGGCGAACGGGTGAGTAACACGTATCTAACCTACCTTATAGCGGGGGATAACTTTTGGAAACGAAAGATAATACCGCATGTAGATCTTATTATCGCATGAGAAAAGATCAAAAGAACCGTTTGGTTCACTATGAGATGGGGATGCGGCGTATTAGCTAGTAGGTGAGATAATAGCCCACCTAGGCGATGATACGTAGCCGAACTGAGAGGTTGATCGGCCACATTGGGACTGAGATACGGCCCAGACTCCTACGGGAGGCAGCAGTAGGGAATTTTTCACAATGGACGAAAGTCTGATGAAGCAATGCCGCGTGAGTGATGACGGCCTTCGGGTTGTAAAGCTCTGTTGTAAGGGAAGAAAAAATAAAGTAGGAAATGACTTTATCTTGACAGTACCTTACCAGAAAGCCACGGCTAACTATGTGCCAGCAGCCGCGGTAATACATAGGTGGCAAGCGTTATCCGGATTTATTGGGCGTATAGGGTGCGTAGGCGGTTTAGCAAGTTTGAGGTTAAAGTCCGGAGCTCAACTCCGGTTCGCCTTGAAAACTGTTTTACTAGAATGCAAGAGAGGTAAGCGGAATTCCATGTGTAGCGGTGAAATGCGTAGATATATGGAAGAACACCTGTGGCGAAAGCGGCTTACTGGCTTGTTATTGACGCTGAGGCACGAAAGCGTGGGGAGCAAATAGGATTAGATACCCTAGTAGTCCACGCCGTAAACGATGAGTACTAAGTGTTGGGGAAACTCAGCGCTGCAGCTAACGCATTAAGTACTCCGCCTGAGTAGTATGCTCGCAAGAGTGAAACTCAAAGGAATTGACGGGGACCCGCACAAGTGGTGGAGCATGTGGTTTAATTCGAAGCAACACGAAGAACCTTACCAGGGCTTGACATCCAGTGCAAAGCTATAGAAATATAGTAGAGGTTAACATTGAGACAGGTGGTGCATGGTTGTCGTCAGTTCGTGCCGTGAGGTGTTGGGTTAAGTCCCGCAACGAACGCAACCCTTGTCGTTAGTTACTAACATTAAGTTGAGAACTCTAACGAGACTGCTAGTGTAAGCTAGAGGAAGGTGGGGATGACGTCAAATCATCATGCCCCTTATGTCCTGGGCTACACACGTGCTACAATGGCTGGTACAAAGAGTTGCAATCCTGTGAAGGGGAGCTAATCTCAAAAAACCAGTCTCAGTTCGGATTGAAGTCTGCAACTCGACTTCATGAAGCCGGAATCACTAGTAATCGCGAATCAGCTATGTCGCGGTGAATACGTTCTCGGGTCTTGTACACACCGCCCGTCACACCATGAGAGTTGGTAATACCAGAAGTAGGTAGCTTAACCGCAAGGAGAGCGCTTCCTAAGGTAGGACTAGCGATTGGGGTGAAGTCGTAACAAGGT
Fig. 2. 16S rRNA gene sequence of Mycoplasma feriruminatoris G5847T (Accession number: KB199603)
Fig. 3. Large colonies with characteristic fried egg morphology of Mycoplasma feriruminatoris G5847T on modified Hayflick’s agar after 2 days of incubation. Bar, 1 mm. Credits: Joachim Spergser (Vetmeduni Vienna)