Mycoplasma dispar

(Gourlay & Leach, 1970)

Etymology

Gr. n. mukes – fungus, Gr. neut. n. plasma – anything formed, N.L. neut. n. Mycoplasma – fungus form; L. neut. adj. dispar – different

Taxonomy

Mycoplasmatales – Mycoplasmataceae – Mycoplasma – Mycoplasma dispar (Hyopneumoniae cluster), closely related to Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae (16S rRNA gene sequence similarity – 97.60%) (Fig. 1)

Type strain

462/2^T (cattle, UK, 1967-1968), (Fig. 2, 16S rRNA gene sequence)

Genomes

3 completed (2 x 462/2^T – UK; GS01 - China) (NCBI Genome deposit per 11/05/2024)

Cell morphology

spherical – coccoid

Colony morphology

fried egg morphology or uncentered, granular colonies

Metabolism

fermentation of glucose; non-arginine-hydrolyzing, non-urea-hydrolyzing

Host

cattle

Habitat

respiratory tract

Disease(s)

frequent inhabitant of the respiratory tract of healthy cattle, considered to be only a secondary cause of respiratory distress and focal pneumonia

Pathogenicity

factors unknown, produces capsular polysaccharides and hydrogen peroxide, forms biofilms

Epidemiology

worldwide occurrence, frequently found in the upper and lower respiratory tract of heathy cattle

Diagnosis

PCR; cultivation (highly fastidious) and species identification by MALDI-ToF MS, serology or genetically

Fig. 1. Maximum likelihood tree showing the phylogenetic position of Mycoplasma dispar 462/2^T within the Hyopneumoniae cluster of Mycoplasmataceae based on 16S rRNA gene sequences. The sequence of Mycoplasma synoviae WVU 1853^T was used as out-group (Synoviae cluster). Numbers at nodes represent bootstrap confidence values (1000 replications). Only values > 80% are shown. Bar, number of substitutions per nucleotide position. Credits: Joachim Spergser (Vetmeduni Vienna)

>Mycoplasma dispar 462/2^T

CTAGCTGTGTGCTTAATACATGCATGTTGAACGGAATGTTCTAGTTTACTAGAATATTTAGTAGCAAATGGGTGAGTAACACGTACCTAACCTACCTTTTGGACCGGGATAACCATTGGAAACAGTGGCTAATACCAGATATAATAGAAATTCGCATGAGTTTTTATCAAAAGGAGCCTTTAAAGCTCCACCAAAAAATGGGGGTGCGCAACATTAGTTAGTTGGCAGGGTAAAAGCCTACCAAGACGATGATGTTTAGCGGGGCCAAGAGGTTGTACCGCCACACTGGGATTGAGATACGGCCCAGACTCCTACGGGAGGCAGCAGTAAGGAATATTCCACAATGAGCGAAAGCTTGATGGAGCGACACAGCGTGCAGGATGAAGTCTTTAGGGATGTAAACTGCTGTTGTAAGGGAAGAAAAAACTAGATAGGAAATGATCTAGTCTTGACGGTACCTTATTAGAAAGCGACGGCAAACTATGTGCCAGCAGCCGCGGTAATACATAGGTCGCAAGCGTTATCCGGAATTATTGGGCGTAAAGCGTCCGTAGGTTTTTTGTTAAGTTTAAGGTTAAATGCTAAAGCTCAACTTTAGTCCGCTTTAGATACTGGCAAAATAGAATTATGAAGAGGTTAGCGGAATTCCTAGTGGAGCGGTGGAATGCGTAGATATTAGGAAGAACACCAATAGGCGAAGGCAGCTAACTGGTCATATATTGACACTAAGGGACGAAAGCGTGGGGAGCAAACAGGATTAGATACCCTGGTAGTCCACGCCGTAAACGATGATCATTAGTTGGTGGCAAAAGTCACTAGCACAGCTAACGCGTTAAATGATCCGCCTGAGTAGTATGCTCGCAAGAGTGAAACTTAAAGGAATTGACGGGAACCCGCACAAGCGGTGGAGCATGTGGTTTAATTTGAAGATACGCGTAGAACCTTACCCACTCTTGACATCCTCGCAAAGCTATAGAGATATAGTGGAGGCTAACGAGATGACAGATGGTGCATGGTTGTCGTCAGCTCGTGTCGTGAGATGTTAGGTTAAGTCCTGCAACGAGCGCAACCCTTTTCTTTAGTTGCTAACATTAAGTTGAGAACCCTAGAGATACTGCCGGTGCAAACCGGAGGAAGGTGGGGATGACGTCAAATCATCATGCCTCTTACGAGTGGGGCAACACACGTGCTACAATGGCTACTACAAAGAGCAGCAAAACAGTGATGTCAAGCTAATCTCAAAAAAGTAGTCTCAGTTCGGATTGAAGTCTGCAACTCGACTTCATGAAGTCGGAATCGCTAGTAATCGCAGGTCAGCTATACTGCGGTGAATACGTTCTCGGGTTTTGTACACACCGCCCGTCACACCATGGGAGTTGGTAATGCCCAAAGTCGGTGAGTTAACCTCGGAGACCATTGCCTAAGGCAGGACCGATGACTGGGGTGAAGTCGTAACAAGGT

Fig. 2. 16S rRNA gene sequence of Mycoplasma dispar 462/2^T(Accession number: NR_025182)

Fig. 3. Colonies of Mycoplasma dispar 462/2^T on Friis agar after 5 days of incubation exhibiting fried egg morphology. Bar, 1 mm. Credits: Joachim Spergser (Vetmeduni Vienna)

Species assigned by: Gourlay, R.N., Leach, R.H. 1970. A new mycoplasma species isolated from pneumonic lungs of calves (Mycoplasma dispar sp. nov.). J. Med. Microbiol. 3: 111-123.