Mycoplasma canadense

(Langford et al., 1976)

Etymology

Gr. n. mukes – fungus, Gr. neut. n. plasma – anything formed, N.L. neut. n. Mycoplasma – fungus form; N.L. neut. adj. canadense – of Canada

Taxonomy

Mycoplasmatales – Mycoplasmataceae – Mycoplasma – Mycoplasma canadense (Hominis cluster), closely related to Mycoplasma arginini (16S rRNA gene sequence similarity – 99.10%) (Fig. 1)

Type strain

275C^T (bull, Canada, 1974), (Fig. 2, 16S rRNA gene sequence)

Genomes

one completed (HAZ 360_1 – Japan) (NCBI Genome deposit per 11/05/2024)

Cell morphology

spherical – coccoid

Colony morphology

fried egg morphology (Fig. 3)

Metabolism

hydrolysis of arginine; non-fermentative, non-urea-hydrolyzing

Host

cattle, rarely isolated from other animals such as cats

Habitat

genital tract, udder

Disease(s)

mastitis

Pathogenicity

factors unknown

Epidemiology

probably occurring worldwide; transmission via milk or the genital route

Diagnosis

cultivation and species identification by MALDI-ToF MS, serology or genetically; PCR

Fig. 1. Maximum likelihood tree showing the phylogenetic position of Mycoplasma canadense 275C^T within the Hominis cluster of Mycoplasmataceae based on 16S rRNA gene sequences. The sequence of Mycoplasma synoviae WVU 1853^T was used as out-group (Synoviae cluster). Numbers at nodes represent bootstrap confidence values (1000 replications). Only values > 80% are shown. Bar, number of substitutions per nucleotide position. Credits: Joachim Spergser (Vetmeduni Vienna)

>Mycoplasma canadense 275C^T

CTGGCTGTGTGCCTAATACATGCATGTCGAGCGAGGTTCTTTTGAACCTAGCGGCGAATGGGTGAGTAACACGTACTTAATCTACCCTTTAGATTGGAATACCCAATGGAAACATTGGCTAATGCCGGATACGCATGAAATCGCATGATTTCAATGTGAAAGGAGCCCTTAAAGCTCCACTAAAGGATGAGGGTGCGGAACATTAGTTAGTTGGTAGGGTAATGGCCTACCAAGACTATGATGTTTAGCCGGGTCGAGAGACTGAACGGCCACATTGGGACTGAGATACGGCCCAAACTCCTACGGGAGGCAGCAGTAGGGAATATTCCACAATGAGCGAAAGCTTGATGGAGCGACACAGCGTGCACGATGAAGGTCTTCGGATTGTAAAGTGCTGTTATAGGGAAAGAACACTTGGTTGAGGAAATGCTTCCAAGCTGACGGTACCCTGTCAGAAAGCGATGGCTAACTATGTGCCAGCAGCCGCGGTAATACATAGGTCGCAAGCGTTATCCGGAATTATTGGGCGTAAAGCGTTCGTAGGCTGTTTATTAAGTCTGGAGTCAAATACCAGGGCTCAACCCTGGCTCGCTTTGGATACTGGTAAACTAGAGTTAGATAGAGGTAAGCGGAATTCCATGTGAAGCGGTGAAATGCGTAGATATATGGAAGAACACCAAAGGCGAAGGCAGCTTACTGGGTCTATACTGACGCTGAGGGACGAAAGCGTGGGGAGCAAACAGGATTAGATACCCTGGTAGTCCACGCCGTAAACGATGATCATTAGTCGGTGGAGAATTCACTGACGCAGCTAACGCATTAAATGATCCGCCTGAGTAGTATGCTCGCAAGAGTGAAACTTAAAGGAATTGACGGGGACCCGCACAAGCGGTGGAGCATGTGGTTTAATTTGAAGATACGCGGAGAACCTTACCCACTCTTGACATCCTTCGCAATGCTATAGAGATATAGCGGAGGTTAACGGAGTGACAGATGGTGCATGGTTGTCGTCAGCTCGTGTCGTGAGATGTTTGGTCAAGTCCTGCAACGAGCGCAACCCCTATCTTTAGTTACTAACGAGTCATGTCGAGGACTCTAGAGATACTGCCTGGGTAACTGGGAGGAAGGTGGGGATGACGTCAAATCATCATGCCTCTTACGAGTGGGGCAACACACGTGCTACAATGGTCGGTACAAAGAGAAGCAATATGGCGACATGGAGCAAATCTCAAAAAGCCGATCTCAGTTCGGATTGGAGTCTGCAATTCGACTCCATGAAGTCGGAATCGCTAGTAATCGCAGATCAGCTACGCTGCGGTGAATACGTTCTCGGGTCTTGTACACACCGCCCGTCACACCATGGGAGCTGGTAATACCCAAAGTCGGTTAGCTAACCTCGGAGGCGACCGCCTAAGGTAGGACTGGTGACTGGGGTGAAGTCGTAACAAGGT

Fig. 2. 16S rRNA gene sequence of Mycoplasma canadense 275C^T(Accession number: NR_025988)

Fig. 3. Colonies of Mycoplasma canadense 275C^T on modified Hayflick’s agar after 4 days of incubation exhibiting characteristic fried egg morphology. Note a colour change of the medium from ochre to red based on arginine hydrolysis creating an alkaline pH. Bar, 1 mm. Credits: Joachim Spergser (Vetmeduni Vienna)

Species assigned by: Langford, E.V., Ruhnke, H.L., Onoviran, O. 1976. Mycoplasma canadense, a new bovine species. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 26: 212-219.