Mycoplasma anatis
(Roberts, 1964)
Etymology
Gr. n. mukes – fungus, Gr. neut. n. plasma – anything formed, N.L. neut. n. Mycoplasma – fungus form; L. n. anas – a duck, L. gen. n. anatis – of a duck
Taxonomy
Mycoplasmatales – Mycoplasmataceae – Mycoplasma – Mycoplasma anatis (Synoviae cluster), closely related to Mycoplasma anserisalpingitis (16S rRNA gene sequence similarity – 99.17%) (Fig. 1)
Type strain
1340T (duck, UK, ≤1964), (Fig. 2, 16S rRNA gene sequence)
Genomes
2 completed (2 x 1340T – UK); 15 draft genomes (NCBI Genome deposit per 11/05/2024)
Cell morphology
spherical – coccoid
Colony morphology
fried egg morphology (Fig. 3)
Metabolism
fermentation of glucose; non-arginine-hydrolyzing, non-urea-hydrolyzing
Host
duck
Habitat
upper respiratory tract
Disease(s)
originally isolated from a sinusitis case; occasionally associated with meningitis and cerebroventriculitis; experimental infection caused airsacculitis, peritonitis and embryo lethality
Pathogenicity
factors unknown
Epidemiology
worldwide occurrence in ducks; transmission by direct contact
Diagnosis
cultivation and species identification by MALDI-ToF MS, serology or genetically; PCR
Fig. 1. Maximum likelihood tree showing the phylogenetic position of Mycoplasma anatis 1340T within the Synoviae cluster of Mycoplasmataceae based on 16S rRNA gene sequences. The sequence of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae JT was used as out-group (Hyopneumoniae cluster). Numbers at nodes represent bootstrap confidence values (1000 replications). Only values > 80% are shown. Bar, number of substitutions per nucleotide position. Credits: Joachim Spergser (Vetmeduni Vienna)
CTGGCTGTGTGCCTAATACATGCATGTCGAGCGGAGTTCTTCGGAACTTAGCGGCGAATGGGTGAGTAACACGTACTTAACATACCCTTTAGATTGGAATAACGATTAGAAATGATCGCTAATGCCGGATACTTATATTTATCGCATGAAAAATATATAAAAGGAGCGTTTGCTTCGCTAGAGGATTGGGGTGCGTAACATTAGCTAGTTGGTAGGGTAATGGCCTACCAAGGCTATGATGTTTAGCGGGGTTGAGAGACTGATCCGCCACACTGGGACTGAGATACGGCCCAGACTCCTACGGGAGGCAGCAGTAGGGAATTTTCCACAATGGACGAAAGTCTGATGGAGCGACACAGCGTGCAGGATGACGGCCTTCGGGTTGTAAACTGCTGTTATAAGGGAAGAAAAAATAAAGTAGGAAATGACTTTATCTTGACGGTACCTTATCAGAAAGCAACGGCTAACTATGTGCCAGCAGCCGCGGTAATACATAGGTTGCAAGCGTTATCCGGAATTATTGGGCGTAAAGCGTCTGTAGGTTGTTTGTTAAGTCTGACGTGAAAACTTGGGGCTCAACCCCAAATTGCGTTGGATACTGGCGAACTAGAGTTATGAAGAGGTTAGCGGAATTCCTTGTGAAGCGGTGAAATGCGTAGATATAAGGAAGAACACCAATTTGGCGAAGGCAGCTAACTGGGCATACACTGACACTGAGAGACGAAAGCGTGGGGAGCAAACAGGATTAGATACCCTGGTAGTCCACGCTGTAAACGATGATGATTAGCTGATGGGGAACTCATCGGCACAGCTAACGCATTAAATCATCCGCCTGAGTAGTATGCTCGCAAGAGTGAAACTTAAAGGAATTGACGGGGATCCGCACAAGCGGTGGAGCATGTGGTTTAATTTGATTCTACGCGTAGAACCTTACCCACTCTTGACATCTTCCGCAAAGCTATAGAGATATAGTGGAGGTCAACGGAATGACAGATGGTGCATGGTTGTCGTCAGCTCGTGTCGTGAGATGTTCGGTTAAGTCCTGCAACGAGCGCAACCCTTGTCCTTAGTTAAATGTTCTAAGGAGACTGCCCGAGTAATTGGGAGGAAGGTGGGGACGACGTCAAATCATCATGCCTCTTACGAGTGGGGCAACACACGTGCTACAATGGACGGTACAAAGAGACGCAATACGGCGACGTGGAGCAAATCTCAAAAAACCGTTCTCAGTTCGGATTGTAGTCTGCAACTCGACTACATGAAGTCGGAATCGCTAGTAATCGTAGATCAGCTACGCTACGGTGAATACGTTCTCGGGTCTTGTACACACCGCCCGTCACACCATGGGAGCTGGTAATGCCCGAAGTCGGTTTTGTTAACTACGGAGACAACTGCCTAAGGCAGGACTGGTGACTGGGGTGAAGTCGTAACAAGGT
Fig. 2. 16S rRNA gene sequence of Mycoplasma anatis 1340T (Accession number: NR_025176)
Fig. 3. Small-centred colonies of Mycoplasma anatis 1340T on modified Hayflick’s agar after 4 days of incubation exhibiting fried egg morphology. Bar, 1 mm. Credits: Joachim Spergser (Vetmeduni Vienna)