Acholeplasma oculi

(al-Aubaidi et al., 1973)

Etymology

Gr. pref. a – not, without, Gr. n. chole – bile, Gr. neut. n. plasma – anything formed, N.L. neut. n. Acholeplasma – a form for which cholesterol (a constituent of bile) is not required for growth; L. n. oculus – the eye, L. gen. n. oculi – of the eye

Taxonomy

Acholeplasmatales – Acholeplasmataceae – Acholeplasma – Acholeplasma oculi, separated branch, related to Acholeplasma pleciae (16S rRNA gene sequence similarity – 92.80%) (Fig. 1)

Type strain

19-L^T (goat, USA, ≤1973), (Fig. 2, 16S rRNA gene sequence)

Genomes

one completed (19-L^T – USA); 2 draft genomes (NCBI Genome deposit per 11/05/2024)

Cell morphology

spherical – coccoid

Colony morphology

fried egg morphology (Fig. 3)

Metabolism

fermentation of glucose; non-arginine-hydrolyzing, non-urea-hydrolyzing; non-sterol requiring; temperature optimum for growth is 33°C

Host

broad range, primarily ruminants (goats) but also birds

Habitat

multiple (eye, oropharynx, etc.)

Disease(s)

unknown, considered to be a commensal or contaminant

Pathogenicity

factors unknown

Epidemiology

unknown

Diagnosis

cultivation and species identification by MALDI-ToF MS or genetically

Fig. 1. Maximum likelihood tree showing the phylogenetic position of Acholeplasma oculi 19-L^T within genus Acholeplasma based on 16S rRNA gene sequences. The sequence of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae J^T was used as out-group (Hyopneumoniae cluster). Numbers at nodes represent bootstrap confidence values (1000 replications). Only values > 80% are shown. Bar, number of substitutions per nucleotide position. Credits: Joachim Spergser (Vetmeduni Vienna)

>Acholeplasma oculi 19-L^T

AGAGTTTGATCCTGCCTCAGGATGAACGCTGGCGGCGTGCCTAATACATGCAAGTCGAACGAACCACTTCGGTGGTTAGTGGCGAACGGGTGAGTAACACGTACGATAACCTGCCCTAAAACTCGAGGATAACACCGGGGAAACTGGTGCTAATACTGGATAGGATGTTAGGATGATTTTCTTACATTTAAAGATTAATCGGTTTTAGAGGGGTCTTTCGGCGCATTAGTTAGTTTGGTGGGGTAAAGGCCTCCCAACACCGATGATGCGTTGGCCCGGCTTTGAGAGGTCTTTTTCGGCCACATTGGGGACTGAGAACTGTGCCCAAACTCCTTACGGGAGGCAGCAGTGGGGAATTTTCGCCAAATTGGGGGAAACCCTGACCGACCAACGCCGCGTGAACGAAGAAGTTCTTCGGAATGTAAGGTTCTTTTATATGGGAAGAAAAACTCAAAATTGGCGGTACCATATGAATAACCCCCGGCTAACTATGTGCCAGCACCCGCGGTAATACATAGGGGGCGAGCGTTATCCGGATTTACTGGGCGTAAAGGGTGCGTAGGTGGTTAAACAAGTTTCTGGTGTAAGTGCAGTGCTCAACGCTGTGATGCTAGGAAAACTGTTTAGCTAGAGTGAGACAGAGGCAAGTGGAATTCCATGTGTAGCGGTAAAATGCGTAAATATATGGAGGAACACCAGTGGCGAAGGCGGCTTGCTGGGTCTATACTGACACTGATGCACGAAAGCGTGGAGAGCAAACAGGATTAGATACCCTGGTAGTCCACGCCGTAAACGATGAGAACTAAGTGTTGGCCCTCAGGGTCAGTGCTGCAGTTAACGCATTAAGTTCTCCGCCTGAGTAGTACGTACGCAAGTATGAAACTCAAAGGAATTGACGGGACCCCGCACAAGCGGTGGATCATGTTGTTTAATTCGAAGATACACGAAAAACCTTACCAGGTCTTGACATACTCTGCAATGGCTTAGAAATAAGTTCGGAGGTTAACAGATGTACAGGTGGTGCACGGTTGTCGTCAGCTCGTGTCGTGAGATGTTGGGTTAAGTCCCGCAACGAGCGCAACCCTTATTGCTAGTTACCATCAATTAAGTTGGGGACTCTAGCGAGACTGCCAGGTGATAAATTTGGAGGAAGGTGGGGATGACCGTCAATCAATCATCCCCCTTATGACCTGGCCTCCAAACGTGATACAATGTCTGATACCAAAAGAGAAGCGATGGGTTGACCCGGAGCGAATCTCATAAAGTCAGTCTCAGTTCGGATTGAAGTCTGCAACTCGACTTCATGAAGTTGGAATCGCTAGTAATCGCGAATCAGCATGTCGCGGTGAATACGTTCTCGGGGTTTGTACACACCGCCCGTCAAACCACGAAAGTGAGCAATACCCAAAGCCGGTGGCCTAACCCGTAAGGGAGGGACCCGTCTAAGGTAGGGTTCATGATTGGGGTTAAGTCGTAACAAGGTAACCGTA

Fig. 2. 16S rRNA gene sequence of Acholeplasma oculi 19-L^T(Accession number: NR_025960)

Fig. 3. Colonies of Acholeplasma oculi 19-L^T on modified Hayflick’s agar after 4 days of incubation at 33°C exhibiting fried egg morphology. Bar, 1 mm. Credits: Joachim Spergser (Vetmeduni Vienna)

Species assigned by: al-Aubaidi, J.M., Dardiri, A.H., Muscoplatt, C.C., McCauley, E.H. 1973. Identification and characterization of Acholeplasma oculusi spec. nov. from the eyes of goats with keratoconjunctivitis. Cornell Vet. 63: 117-129.