Acholeplasma vituli

(Angulo et al., 2000)

Etymology

Gr. pref. a – not, without, Gr. n. chole – bile, Gr. neut. n. plasma – anything formed, N.L. neut. n. Acholeplasma – a form for which cholesterol (a constituent of bile) is not required for growth; L. n. vitulus – calf, L. gen. n. vituli – of a calf (referring to the isolation of the organism from foetal calf serum)

Taxonomy

Acholeplasmatales – Acholeplasmataceae – Acholeplasma – Acholeplasma vituli, related to Acholeplasma morum (16S rRNA gene sequence similarity – 96.36%) (Fig. 1)

Type strain

FC 097-2^T (fetal calf serum, The Netherlands, ≤2000), (Fig. 2, 16S rRNA gene sequence)

Genomes

one completed (92-19 – The Netherlands) (per 11/05/2024)

Cell morphology

spherical – coccoid

Colony morphology

small colonies with fried egg morphology

Metabolism

fermentation of glucose; non-arginine-hydrolyzing, non-urea-hydrolyzing; non-sterol requiring; temperature optimum for growth is 33°C

Host

unknown

Habitat

unknown

Disease(s)

unknown, considered to be a commensal or contaminant

Pathogenicity

factors unknown

Epidemiology

unknown, once isolated from fetal calf serum

Diagnosis

cultivation and species identification by MALDI-ToF MS or genetically

Fig. 1. Maximum likelihood tree showing the phylogenetic position of Acholeplasma vituli FC 097-2^T within genus Acholeplasma based on 16S rRNA gene sequences. The sequence of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae J^T was used as out-group (Hyopneumoniae cluster). Numbers at nodes represent bootstrap confidence values (1000 replications). Only values > 80% are shown. Bar, number of substitutions per nucleotide position. Credits: Joachim Spergser (Vetmeduni Vienna)

>Acholeplasma vituli FC 097-2^T

AGAGTTTGATCCTTGGTTCAGGATGAACGCTGGCGGCGTGCCTAATACATGCAAGTCGAACGCACTAGCAATAGTGAGTGGCGAACGGGTGAGTAACACGTAGGTAACTTACCTCTAAGACGAGGATAACGACTGGAAACGGTCGCTAAAACTGGATAGGATCTTTGGAGGCATCTCTGGAGATTTAAAGGGGCTTTACAGCCACACTTAGAGAAAGGCCTGCGGCGCATTAGCTAGTTGGTGGGGTAGAGGCCTACCAAGGCGATGATGCGTAGCCGGACTGAGAGGTCGAACGGCCACATTGGGACTGAGACACGGCCCAAACTCCTACGGGAGGCAGCAGTAGGGAATTTTCGGCAATGGGGGAAACCCTGACCGAGCAACGCCGCGTGAATGAAGAAGTATTTCGGTATGTAAAGTTCTTTTATTGAGGAAGAATGTCTAGGTTAGGAAATGAACTTAGAGTGACGGTACTCAATGAATAAGCCCCGGCTAACTATGTGCCAGCAGCCGCGGTAATACATAGGGGGCAAGCGTTATCCGGATTTATTGGGCGTAAAGGGTGCGTAGGCGGCTTGTTAAGTCTAAGGTGTAAGTGCAGAGCTCAACTCTGTGATGCTTTAGAAACTGGTGAGCTAGAGATAGATAGAGGCAAGTGGAATTCCATGTGTAGCGGTAAAATGCGTAAATATATGGAGGAACACCAGTGGCGAAGGCGGCTTGCTGGGTCTATACTGACGCTGAGGCACGAAAGCGTGGGGAGCAAACAGGATTAGATACCCTGGTAGTCCACGCCGTAAACGATGAGTACTAAGTGTTGGGGGAACCCAGTGCTGTAGTTAACATATTAAGTACTCCGCCTGAGTAGTACGTACGCAAGTATGAAACTCAAAGGAATTGACGGGACCCCGCACAAGCGGTGGATGATGTTGTTTAATTCGAAGATACGCGAAAAACCTTACCAGGTCTTGACATACTCTGCAAAGCTATAGAGATATAGTGGAGGTTAACAGATGTACAGGTGGTGCATGGTTGTCGTCAGCTCGTGTCGTGAGATGTTGGGTTAAGTCCCGCAACGAGCGCAACCCTTATTGCTAGTTACCATCATTCAGTTGGGGACTCTAGCGAGACTGCCAGTGATAAACTGGAGGAAGGTGGGGATGACGTCAAATCATCATGCCCCTTATGACCTGGGCTACAAACGTCATACAATGGCTGAAACAAAGAGAAGCRAAGCAGTGATGTGGAGCAAAACTCATAAAAGCAGTCTCAGTTCAGATTGTAGTCTGCAACTCGACTACATGAAGTCGGAATCGCTAGTAATCGCAGATCAGCATGCTGCGGTGAATACGTTCTCGGGGTTTGTACACACCGCCCGTCAAACCACGAAAGTTGATAATACCCAACGCCGGTGGCCTAACCGCAAGGAGGGAGCCGTCTAAGGTAGGATCAATGATTGGGGTTAAGTCGTAACAAGGTATCCCTACGGGAACGGATGCGGCTGGATCACCTCCTTG

Fig. 2. 16S rRNA gene sequence of Acholeplasma vituli FC 097-2^T(Accession number: NR_028689)

Species assigned by: Angulo, A.F., Reijgers, R., Brugman, J., Kroesen, I., Hekkens, F.E., Carle, P., Bove, J.M., Tully, J.G., Hill, A.C., Schouls, L.M., Schot, C.S., Roholl, P.J.M., Polak-Vogelzang, A.A. 2000. Acholeplasma vituli sp. nov., from bovine serum and cell cultures. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 50: 1125-1131.