Acholeplasma morum
(Rose et al., 1980)
Etymology
Gr. pref. a – not, without, Gr. n. chole – bile, Gr. neut. n. plasma – anything formed, N.L. neut. n. Acholeplasma – a form for which cholesterol (a constituent of bile) is not required for growth; L. n. morum – a mulberry (referring to the mulberry-like appearance of colonies)
Taxonomy
Acholeplasmatales – Acholeplasmataceae – Acholeplasma – Acholeplasma morum, related to Acholeplasma vituli (16S rRNA gene sequence similarity – 96.36%) (Fig. 1)
Type strain
72-043T (fetal calf serum, USA, ≤1980), (Fig. 2, 16S rRNA gene sequence)
Genomes
one draft genome (72-043T – USA) (NCBI Genome deposit per 11/05/2024)
Cell morphology
spherical – coccoid
Colony morphology
rough mulberry-like appearance (Fig. 3)
Metabolism
fermentation of glucose; non-arginine-hydrolyzing, non-urea-hydrolyzing; non-sterol requiring; temperature optimum for growth is 33°C
Host
unknown
Habitat
unknown
Disease(s)
unknown, considered to be a commensal or contaminant
Pathogenicity
factors unknown
Epidemiology
unknown, once isolated from fetal calf serum
Diagnosis
cultivation and species identification by MALDI-ToF MS or genetically
Fig. 1. Maximum likelihood tree showing the phylogenetic positions of Acholeplasma morum 72-043T within genus Acholeplasma based on 16S rRNA gene sequences. The sequence of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae JT was used as out-group (Hyopneumoniae cluster). Numbers at nodes represent bootstrap confidence values (1000 replications). Only values > 80% are shown. Bar, number of substitutions per nucleotide position. Credits: Joachim Spergser (Vetmeduni Vienna)
CTGGCGGCGTGCCTAATACATGCAAGTCGAACGCATTACTTCGGTAGTGAGTGGCGAACGGGTGAGTAACACGTAGGTAACTTACCTCTAAGACGAGGATAACGACTGGAAACGGTCGCTAAAACTGGATAGGATCATTTGAGGCATCTCGAATGATTTAAAGGGGCTTTCAAGCCACACTTAGAGAAAGGCCTGCGGCGCATTAGCTAGTTGGTGGGGTAGAGGCCTACCAAGGCGATGATGCGTAGCCGGACTGAGAGGTCGAACGGCCACATTGGGACTGAGACACGGCCCAAACTCCTACGGGAGGCAGCAGTAGGGAATTTTCGGCAATGGGGGAAACCCTGACCGAGCAACGCCGCGTGAATGAAGACGTATTTCGGTATGTAAAGTTCTTTTATTAAGGAAGAATGTCACGGATAGGAAATGATCTGTGAGTGACGGTACTTAATGAATAAGCCCCGGCTAACTATGTGCCAGCAGCCGCGGTAATACATAGGGGGCAAGCGTTATCCGGAATTATTGGGCGTAAAGGGTGCGTAGGCGGTCTATTAAGTTTAAGGTATAAGTGCAAGGCTCAACCTTGTGAGGCTTTAGAAACTGGTAGGCTAGAGATAGATAGAGGCAAGTGGAATTCCATGTGTAGCGGTAAAATGCGTAAATATATGGAGGAACACCAGTGGCGAAGGCGGCTTGCTGGGTCTATACTGACGCTGAGGCACGAAAGCGTGGGGAGCAAACAGGATTAGATACCCTGGTAGTCCACGCCGTAAACGATGAGTACTAAGTGTTGGGGGAACCCAGTGCTGTAGTTAACATATTAAGTACTCCGCCTGAGTAGTACGTACGCAAGTATGAAACTCAAAGGAATTGACGGGACCCCGCACAAGCGGTGGATCATGTTGTTTAATTCGAAGATACACGAAAAACCTTACCAGGTCTTGACATACTCTGCAAAGCTATAGAGATATAGTGGAGGTTAACAGATGTACAGGTGGTGCATGGTTGTCGTCAGCTCGTGTCGTGAGATGTTGGGTTAAGTCCCGCAACGAGCGCAACCCTTATTGCTAGTTACCATCATTAAGTTGGGGACTCTAGCGAGACTGCCAGTGATAAACTGGAGGAAGGTGGGGATGACGTCAAATCATCATGCCCCTTATGACCTGGGCTACAAACGTGATACAATGGCTGGAACAAAGAGAAGCGAAGCAGTGATGTGGAGCCAAACTCATAAAAACAGTCTCAGTTCGAATTGGAGTCTGCAACTCGACTCCATGAAGTCGGAATCGCTAGTAATCGCGAATCAGCATGTCGCGGTGAATACGTTCTCGGGGTTTGTACACACCGCCCGTCAAACCACGAAAGTTGATAATACCCAACGCCGGTGGCCTAACCGTAAGGAGGGAGCCGTCTAAGGTAGGATCAAT
Fig. 2. 16S rRNA gene sequence of Acholeplasma morum 72-043T (Accession number: NR_042959)
Fig. 3. Small colonies of Acholeplasma morum 72-043T on modified Hayflick’s agar after 5 days of incubation at 33°C. Bar, 1 mm. Credits: Joachim Spergser (Vetmeduni Vienna)