Mycoplasma columbinasale

(Jordan et al., 1982)

Etymology

Gr. n. mukes – fungus, Gr. neut. n. plasma – anything formed, N.L. neut. n. Mycoplasma – fungus form; L. n. columbus – a pigeon, L. n. nasus – a nose, L. neut. suff. -ale – of, N.L. neut. adj. columbinasale – of the pigeon nose

Taxonomy

Mycoplasmatales – Mycoplasmataceae – Mycoplasma – Mycoplasma columbinasale (Bovis cluster), closely related to Mycoplasma columbinum (16S rRNA gene sequence similarity – 96.61%) (Fig. 1)

Type strain

694^T (pigeon, USA, ≤1964), (Fig. 2, 16S rRNA gene sequence)

Genomes

one completed (694^T – USA) (NCBI Genome deposit per 11/05/2024)

Cell morphology

spherical – coccoid

Colony morphology

fried egg morphology (Fig. 3)

Metabolism

hydrolysis of arginine; non-fermentative, non-urea-hydrolyzing

Host

pigeon

Habitat

turbinates

Disease(s)

unknown, no disease reported

Pathogenicity

factors unknown

Epidemiology

less commonly isolated from rock pigeons than Mycoplasma columborale and Mycoplasma columbinum

Diagnosis

cultivation and species identification by MALDI-ToF MS, serology or genetically

Fig. 1. Maximum likelihood tree showing the phylogenetic position of Mycoplasma columbinasale 694^T within the Bovis cluster of Mycoplasmataceae based on 16S rRNA gene sequences. The sequence of Mycoplasma synoviae WVU 1853^T was used as out-group (Synoviae cluster). Numbers at nodes represent bootstrap confidence values (1000 replications). Only values > 80% are shown. Bar, number of substitutions per nucleotide position. Credits: Joachim Spergser (Vetmeduni Vienna)

>Mycoplasma columbinasale 694^T

CTGGCTGTGTGCCTAATACATGCATGTCGAGCGAAGTTCTTCGGAACTTAGCGGCGAATGGGTGAGTAACACGTACTCAACGTACCCTTTAGCTTGAGATAGCAGTTGGAAACAACTGATAATATCAAATACGCATCTTTGTCGCATGAAGCAGATGTAAAAGAACCTTCACGGGTTCGCTAAAGGATCGGGGTGCGCAACATTAGCTAGTTGGTGAGGTAACGGCCCACCAAGGCGATGATGTTTAGCGGGGTTGAGAGACTGAACCGCCACACTGGGACTGAGATACGGCCCAGACTCCTACGGGAGGCAGCAGTAGGGAATATTCCACAATGGACGAAAGTCTGATGGAGCGACACAGCGTGCAGGATGAAGGCCCCATGGGTTGTAAACTGCTGTGGTAAGGGAAGAAAAAACCGAAGAGGAAATGCTTTGGTCTTGACGGTACCTTATTAGAAAGCAACGGCTAACTATGTGCCAGCAGCCGCGGTAATACATAGGTTGCAAGCGTTATCCGGAATTATTGGGCGTAAAGCGTCTGTAGGTTGTTTGTTAAGTCTGGCGTCAAAACTTGGGGCTCAACCCCAAATCGCGTTAGATACTGGCATACTAGAGTTATGTAGAGGTTAGCGGAATTCCTTGTGAAGCGGTGAAATGCGTAGAGATAAGGAAGAACACCAATATGGCGAAGGCAGCTAACTGGACATATACTGACACTGAGAGACGAAAGCGTGGGGAGCAAACAGGATTAGATACCCTGGTAGTCCACGCCCTAAACGATGATCATTAGCTGATGGAAAATTCATCGGCGCAGCTAACGCATTAAATGATCCGCCTGAGTAGTACGTTCGCAAGAATAAAACTTAAAGGAATTGACGGGGATCCGCACAAGCGGTGGAGCATGTGGTTTAATTTGAAGATACGCGTAGAACCTTACCCACTCTTGACATCTTCTGCAACGCTATAGAGATATAGTTGAGGTTAACAGAATGACAGATGGTGCATGGTTGTCGTCAGCTCGTGTCGTGAGATGTTCGGTTAAGTCCTGCAACGAGCGCAACCCTTATCCTTAGTTACTAACATTTAGTTGAGCACTCTAGGGAGACTGCCCGAGTAATTGGGAGGAAGGTGGGGACGACGTCAAATCATCATGCCTCTTACGAGTGGGGCAACACACGTGCTACAATGGTCGGTACAAAGAGACGCAAACTGGTGACAGGGAGCAAACCTCAAAAAACCGATCTCAGTTCGGATTGTAGTCTGCAACTCGACTACATGAAGTCGGAATCGCTAGTAATCGTAGATCAGCTACGCTACGGTGAATACGTTCTCGGGTCTTGTACACACCGCCCGTCAAACCATGGGAGCTGGTAATGCCCGAAGTCGGTTTATTAACAAACTGCCTAAGGCAGGACTGGTGACTGGGGTTAAGTCGTAACAAGGT

Fig. 2. 16S rRNA gene sequence of Mycoplasma columbinasale 694^T(Accession number: NR_025062)

Fig. 3. Colonies of Mycoplasma columbinasale 694^T on modified Hayflick’s agar after 4 days of incubation exhibiting fried egg morphology. Note, colour change of solid medium from ochre to reddish based on release of ammonia resulting from hydrolysis of arginine creating an alkaline pH. Bar, 1 mm. Credits: Joachim Spergser (Vetmeduni Vienna)

Species assigned by: Jordan, F.T.W., Ernø, H., Cottew, G.S., Hinz, K.H., Stipkovits, L. 1982. Characterization and taxonomic description of five mycoplasma serovars (serotypes) of avian origin and their elevation to species rank and further evaluation of the taxonomic status of Mycoplasma synoviae. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 32: 108-115.